National League for Nursing (NLN PAX) Practice Exam

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What is referred to as the complete set of genes in an individual?

Specific DNA.
The human genome.
A chromosomal pattern.
Cellular identity.

The correct answer is: The human genome.

The complete set of genes in an individual is referred to as the human genome. The human genome encompasses all the genetic information encoded in an individual's DNA, including both the genes that code for proteins and the non-coding regions of DNA. This collective arrangement of DNA in the form of chromosomes also includes variations such as alleles that contribute to an individual's traits and characteristics. Understanding the human genome is essential for various fields, including genetics, medicine, and anthropology, as it encompasses the overall genetic blueprint that influences growth, development, and the risk of diseases. This concept also lays the groundwork for advancements in personalized medicine, genetic testing, and understanding hereditary conditions. While specific DNA refers to sequences or fragments of DNA that could belong to a particular gene, it does not encompass the entirety of an individual's genetic makeup. A chromosomal pattern relates more to the arrangement and number of chromosomes within the cells rather than the complete set of genes. Cellular identity might pertain to the unique characteristics of a cell but does not specifically denote the full complement of genes in an individual.